When does the world end according to the Mayan calendar? Mayan calendar: there will be no end of the world. The ancient Mayan calendar: what do its signs say

Another visit to the bookstore revealed active preparations for the End of the World, which is allegedly evidenced by the end of the Mayan calendar, falling on December 21, 2012. A separate stand was dedicated to the mythical catastrophe, filled with books, on the covers of which the ominous figure “2012” was emblazoned. There were detailed descriptions of the cataclysms that await the planet, and detailed instructions for survival in extreme conditions.
There is no doubt that global political, economic, social, climatic and geological changes are already taking place on Earth, but this has happened more than once in the history of civilization and has not led to catastrophes on a planetary scale. However, just such a cataclysm is now predicted, referring to the ancient Maya, and at the same time not trying to more thoroughly examine the legendary calendar itself.

In addition to the Mayan calendar, there are many other ancient calendars - Aztec, Bengali, Buddhist, Babylonian, Byzantine, Zoroastrian, Sumerian and five dozen others. All of them, unlike the Mayan calendar, do not end in December 2012. So why was only the "catastrophic" option chosen as a guideline?

By the way, modern humanity even prints wall calendars for just one year in advance, and no one associates their end with the end of the world. Just at the end of the year they publish a calendar for the new year, and life goes on as if nothing had happened. It is worth asking about the coming catastrophe and the authors of the calendar themselves - the modern descendants of the Maya. I know from personal experience that you can’t tell from their behavior that their ancestors programmed their death in 2012. No, the Maya continue to live a normal life, not thinking about the future in the least and selling very cheerful calendar rugs to tourists.

If you think that the Mayan calendar is very similar to the modern wall calendar with exact dates, then you are deeply mistaken. In those ancient times, paper did not yet exist, and the only pictorial means was metal and stone, on which the Mayans left their writing. Rock is a durable material, but over the past millennia, some of the records have been erased, and perhaps many “pages” have not been found at all, so it is impossible to be sure of the completeness and reliability of the calendar. If we take a few tiny fragments, for example, the legendary "Mona Lisa", is it possible to understand from them what Leonardo da Vinci depicted? It's most likely impossible! Moreover, the Mayans do not have any textual predictions of the coming catastrophe at all. There is only a calendar that ends in 2012.

And here we come to the most important thing! There is a big problem with determining the start date of the Mayan calendar - according to two different scientific hypotheses, the difference between its start is 260 years. And this means that the end date of the calendar has the same error. That is, according to one version, the calendar ends in 2012, and according to another, in 2272, which, you see, is a big difference for representatives of the human race, who usually live less than 100 years. In addition, we are not talking about exact scientific facts, but only about hypotheses, and perhaps the calendar expired a long time ago, and maybe it will expire in a thousand years.

Another thing is that the idea of ​​a catastrophe was inflated to a planetary scale and fixed in the mass consciousness with films like 2012, as well as numerous publications and books, and a thought reinforced by millions of human brains, as you know, tends to materialize. It is reassuring that we have gone through this many times - a list of such predictions will take up not a single page. This was in 33, 666, 999, 1000, etc. Since 1992, predictions of global catastrophes have appeared almost every year, but we regularly continued to celebrate the New Year.

However, as a former geologist, I know very well that there is a cycle in the development of the planet - periodically the land is replaced by the sea and vice versa. For some reason, no one is surprised or afraid that, for example, almost the entire territory of modern Europe is composed of sedimentary rocks of marine origin. This means that recently (by geological standards) the waters of the ocean splashed here. And this means that in the future there will be an ocean again. Such trends are clearly reflected in historical geological maps on a planetary scale. For the inhabitants of territories that will once go under water, this will undoubtedly be the End of the World.

Therefore, on the one hand, it is ridiculous to observe attempts to preserve the historical centers of ancient cities in their original form - in the end they will still sink into the abyss of the ocean, and then into the upper layers of the Earth's mantle. On the other hand, on the scale of a short human life, it is necessary to do this in order to preserve in a materialized form at least some segment of history, thereby making human life justified and meaningful. And any individual, absolutely knowing that he will surely die, nevertheless, throughout his life creates some material traces.

But, by and large, on this planet there can be nothing eternal, created by human hands. In any case, all his material creations will eventually turn into sediments, magma, and then into rock, oil, gas, ore, etc. in millions of years. But do not despair - life is eternal and is not limited to the Earth.

Once on the site of the Earth was inhabited Mars. Having worked out its resource, the planet has gone farther from the Sun, and in the future it has yet to transform, taking the place of Jupiter, then Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. After the departure of Mars, the Earth took its place and those whom we call Martians moved and became earthlings, that is, the current humanity. When the resources of the Earth run out, the planet will go to the place of Mars, and we will have to move to Venus, which will be in the place of the Earth. Our strictly defined "geographical" position in the solar system is due to the fact that a biological civilization can exist only in narrow physical parameters - farther from the Sun we will be cold, and closer - too hot.

Venus now resembles a pie in the oven, which is baking with might and main, but still damp and not ready to use. It is this planet that needs to be watched especially carefully, because when it is “baked” and ready to receive us, then the End of the World will come for the Earth, and we will have to move to a new planet worldwide. By human standards, this event is still very far away, but one should prepare for it in advance, dealing primarily with the creation of large-scale space transport. In the meantime, the most important thing for humanity is to confirm their right to reason without committing suicide.

For the last time, forecasters around the world have been scaring us with a gloomy date - December 21, 2012. This day, as the date of the apocalypse, predicts the Mayan calendar. The previous end of the world was scheduled for January 1, 2000. The date of the end of the world comes from the beliefs of the Mayan Indians that the gods created the previous three worlds before placing humanity on the fourth. The previous three worlds are believed to have existed for only 13 baktuns (baktun being a period of 144,000 days), for a total cycle of 5,125 years. According to the ancient Grand Mayan Calendar, the end of the 13th baktun, that is, Friday, December 21, 2012, will be the end of an era. The era, called by the Maya the Fourth Sun, will end, and a new one will come - the Fifth Sun. However, some grief scholars have extrapolated the end of an era as the end of the world. And in many parts of the world, some people continue to prepare for potential doom.

(Total 30 photos)

1. A man takes part in a traditional spiritual ceremony during a Mayan culture festival in Merida, Mexico December 15, 2012. According to the organizers, the purpose of the festival is to support the Mayan culture and promote intercultural dialogue. Many doomsday predictions are based on the end of the Mayan calendar.

2. Priests of ancient Mayan beliefs perform a purification ritual in Guatemala during the December 21 celebration of the end of the Mayan cycle, known as the 13th baktun. While some predict the apocalypse of the 13th baktun, others say the date marks the beginning of a new era for the Maya.

3. A Mayan priest performs a purification ceremony in Guatemala during the December 21 celebration of the end of the Mayan cycle, known as the 13th baktun.

4. Priests of ancient Maya beliefs perform a purification ritual in Guatemala during the December 21 celebration of the end of the Mayan cycle, known as the 13th baktun. While some predict the apocalypse of the 13th baktun, others say the date marks the beginning of a new era for the Maya.

Bolivian President Evo Morales (left) and Foreign Minister David Choquehuanca eat fish soup on the Tunupa ship in Lake Titicaca December 16, 2012. The following day was the first of six days of celebration to mark the end of the Mayan calendar on December 21st.

6. Bolivian President Evo Morales received the sacred fire during a ceremony on the island of Intia, 46 km from the capital of Bolivia, La Paz, December 16, 2012. The ceremony took place on the first of six days of celebrations marking the end of the Mayan calendar on December 21st. This date is considered by some to be the end of the world, but indigenous Bolivians see it as a change in times.

7. Mayan tribal leaders take part in a ritual at Bakurana Beach in eastern Havana, Cuba on December 6, 2012. Mayan leaders were in Cuba to attend the conference, providing speeches and ceremonies in preparation for the start of a new era.

8. Mayan tribal leaders take part in a ritual at Bakuranao Beach in eastern Havana, Cuba on December 6, 2012. Mayan leaders were in Cuba to attend the conference, providing speeches and ceremonies in preparation for the start of a new era.

9. Cubans take part in a Mayan ritual on Bakuranao Beach in eastern Havana, Cuba, December 6, 2012.

10. Mount Uritorco near Chapel del Monte, in Cordoba, Argentina, was chosen by many Hispanic Facebook users as a place for spiritual suicide on December 21, 2012. Following a Facebook call to climb the hill that day and commit mass suicide, authorities plan to close access to Uritorko from December 20 to 22.

11. Mayan priest Idelfonso Ake Kokkom, chairman of the Mayan Council of Elders and Priests, offers a prayer to the sun on December 17, 2012, during the last days of the 13th baktun cycle. The end of the 13th baktun will occur on December 21, 2012, causing some to predict the end of the world.

12. Mayan priest Idelfonso Ake Kokkom, chairman of the Mayan Council of Elders and Priests, offers a prayer to the sun on December 17, 2012, during the last days of the 13th baktun cycle. The end of the 13th baktun will occur on December 21, 2012, causing some to predict the end of the world.

13. Dhuni, or sacred fire at Bhola Baba, a spiritual center in Cisternino, Italy. Cisternino is one of the few places on earth that is believed to be spared by God when the end of the world comes.

14. Mayan priests perform a water blessing ceremony at Noc Ak cenote (a natural deep water deposit) in the city of the same name in Mexico on December 15, 2012. The ceremony was part of the Mayan culture.

15. Men take part in the traditional spiritual ceremony "blessing the water" in Cambul cenote during the festival of Mayan culture in Merida, Mexico, December 15, 2012.

Phil Burns demonstrates an air-purifying mask at his home in Utah on December 14, 2012. Burns is a member of the "prepper" movement. The people of the "prepper" movement actively prepare for emergencies. While most are prophesying the end of the world, many are still preparing for a potential catastrophe at the end of the year.

17. Phil Burns shows the necessary tool kit in a survival backpack at his home in Utah, December 14, 2012.

18. Nobel Peace Prize winner Rigoberta Menchu, right, and Inocencio Higuera, director of the Yucatan Research Center, take part in a conference on modern Mayan life in Merida, Mexico.

19. Freeze-dried meals, which are a staple of the preppers movement, fill the shelves at a Foods store in Sandy, Utah.

20. Pavel Seyfried climbs into a bunker he is building for a client in North Salt Lake, Utah, December 12, 2012. The price of such shelters varies from 51,800 to 64,900 US dollars. Bunkers are purchased or built by people in the preppers movement.

21. Pavel Seyfried climbs into a bunker he is building for a client in North Salt Lake, Utah, December 12, 2012. The price of such shelters varies from 51,800 to 64,900 US dollars. Bunkers are purchased or built by people in the preppers movement.

22. Pavel Seyfried works in a bunker he is building for a client in North Salt Lake, Utah, December 12, 2012. The price of shelters ranges from $51,800 to $64,900. The price of such shelters ranges from $51,800 to $64,900. The bunkers are purchased or built by people in the preppers movement who are actively preparing for major disasters.

23. Pavel Seyfried walks past a bunker he is building for a client in North Salt Lake, Utah, December 12, 2012. The price of shelters ranges from $51,800 to $64,900. The price of such shelters ranges from $51,800 to $64,900. The bunkers are purchased or built by people in the preppers movement who are actively preparing for major disasters.

24. Honduran artist Nelson Salgado stands at the entrance to his studio in Tegucigalpa, next to a mural called "Conquest", which depicts Mayan symbols. Salgado plans to paint at least 15 paintings related to the current Mayan calendar, which ends December 21, 2012. While some think the end of the calendar is a prediction of the apocalypse, researchers say the date marks the beginning of a new calendar cycle.

25. Italian artist Lello Esposito shows his work - 2.70 meter good luck horn, in his studio in Naples December 15, 2012. Many southern Italians believe that these giant horns are a symbol of good luck and can prevent the end of the world, predicted for December 21, 2012.

26. Indigenous Bolivians and Mayan descendants took part in a sacred fire ceremony on Intia Island near La Paz on December 16, 2012. The ceremony took place on the first of six days of celebrations marking the end of the Mayan calendar on December 21st.

27. Mayan priests make offerings on the ship Tunupa on Lake Titicaca, 46 km from the Bolivian capital of La Paz, December 16, 2012.

28. Maya Temple - Kukulkan, Temple of the Feathered Serpent at Chichen Itza, in the southern Mexican state of Yucatan.

29. A Mayan priest performs a ritual during the ancient Chikabana festival in honor of the feathered serpent Quetzalcoatl and the god Kukulkan, in the archaeological and ecological park in the city of Merida, Mexico.

30. People take part in the Mayan ritual, during the ancient festival of Chicabana in honor of the feathered serpent Quetzalcoatl and the god Kukulkan, in the archaeological and ecological park in the city of Merida, Mexico.

There is an opinion that in December 2012, according to the Mayan calendar, the end of the world is expected. But where did the ancient Indians get such information from?

The Maya counted days from some mythical date, which corresponds to August 11 or 13, 3113 BC. This date was recorded by the Indians not as zero, the starting point of the beginnings, but as 13.0.0.0.0, that is, as the designation of thirteen four hundred years (baktuns).

Then the first day of the zero 400th anniversary began, then the second, the third… the seventh. But what happens if the 400th anniversary comes full circle and "returns" to the date 13.0.0.0.0? Will the world end then?
The first to link the catastrophe with 2012 was Michael Koe, an anthropology professor at Yale University and the author of several popular science studies of Mesoamerican civilizations. He wrote: “The religions of Mesoamerica are characterized by ideas of repeated cycles of creation and destruction. The Aztecs, for example, believed that the universe had already gone through four such cycles, and our era is the fifth cycle of creation, which is destined to perish due to earthquakes. Mayan ideas were similar. They also assumed the existence of time cycles of great duration. There is evidence that each of these cycles was 13 baktun in length, a little less than 5200 years, and that Armageddon must come on the last day of the thirteenth baktun. Thus, we can calculate that our world was created in 3113 BC, and the end of the world will be on December 24, 2011, when the end of the next great cycle will come according to the long count calendar.”
Subsequently, the scientist corrected December 24, 2011 to December 23, 2012, because he forgot that in our calendar, unlike the Maya, there is no zero year. Perhaps this date would not have become famous - you never know in the world of ancient calendars and strange beliefs! - if José Argüelles, author of the book The Mayan Factor: A Non-Technological Path, had not named her after Michael Koh.
According to Argüelles, a cycle of 13 baktuns is the time the Earth is in the "ray of galactic synchronization". The time of entry into it is August 3113 BC, and the exit is scheduled for December 2012. On this day, “synchronization with the beyond” will take place, and “we will close not only the Great Cycle, but also the existence of homo sapiens. The rainbow of human consciousness will rise from pole to pole, and we will all be transported to heaven.” Nevertheless, the apocalypse will not happen if people “rebuild” in time and stop destroying the planet.
Argüelles's book became popular. The world learned about the end of the world according to the Mayan calendar.

Apocalypse Scenarios

In 1998, independent researcher of Maya culture, programmer John Major Jenkins suggested that 12/21/12, the date of the end of the cycle, was not chosen by chance. On this day, a rare astronomical phenomenon, the so-called "galactic alignment", will occur. The location of the Sun at the time of the winter solstice will coincide with the center of the galaxy. On that day, Jenkins wrote, "the world will change."
Scientists do not see anything unusual or sinister in the "galactic alignment". Nevertheless, fears arose that it could cause solar storms that would heat the Earth so much that its crust would melt and the continents would begin to move relative to each other. There is also an opinion that the poles will change places, and this can also cause shifts of the continents.
This is just one version of the end of the world. According to another, in 2012 we are waiting for a collision with the planet Nibiru.
Scientists are skeptical about these scenarios. But still, what did the Maya themselves say about the year in which we now live? Are there any prophecies?
Surprisingly, yes.

Prophecy from Tortuguero

In 1996, the famous Maya writing specialist David Stewart and his colleague Stephen Houston discovered an inscription on a stele in the ancient city of Tortuguero. When deciphered, the text turned out to be something like this: “The thirteenth four hundredth anniversary will end on the day of 4 Ahab on the 3rd day of the month Kankin. On that day, Bolon-Yokte, the god of change, will descend to (from or from) Chernaya? .. and do? .. "
This obscure text is the famous Mayan prophecy about the end of the world.
The entry ends at the most interesting point. What, one wonders, can we learn about the upcoming events of the current year on the basis of such meager data?
The advent of Bolon-Yokte, a god with a rather nasty character, is expected. There is a legend that at the dawn of our era, this celestial was a participant in the battle of the gods. On the first day of the new age, the inhabitants of heaven were attacked. One of their enemies was Bolon Yokte. His "colleagues" Chaak and Chak-Chel staged a flood. This scene is captured in one of the four Maya handwritten books that have survived to this day - the Dresden Hieroglyphic Codex. But the date of the catastrophic event has unfortunately been corrupted.
The Ukrainian researcher of the Mayan culture V. Talakh believes that the flooding of the Earth was considered by the ancients as a long-term state of the Universe, and the “day of creation” as the moment of its restoration.
Perhaps, in December 2012, we are waiting for not destruction, but stabilization? Bolon Yokte is the god of change, and change doesn't always mean the worst. There is another point of view. According to S. Houston, one of the scientists who found an inscription on a stele in the ancient city of Tortuguero, Bolon-Yokte is not the name of a god at all, but the designation of a collection of “many gods”. Thus, on December 21 (or 23) a whole host of celestials will come to us.
And S. Houston's colleague D. Stewart bluntly stated that the prophecy in question is conditional and doubtful, because some of the hieroglyphs of the text are damaged. Maybe there are no ominous predictions at all?
The most interesting thing is that the Mayan calendar begins before 3113 BC. and does not end in 2012. There are records of events before and after the great cycle.
Moreover, the Maya did not pay any special attention to the date of the “beginning of the baktun”. In the ancient Maya town of Palenque, in the local Temple of the Inscriptions, a text was found in which it is said in passing that the thirteenth four hundredth anniversary has ended, and then follows a story about the exploits of the gods.
It is possible that December 21, 2012 will pass unnoticed for us as well.

Mayan Aztec variant

In Mesoamerica, as Michael Koh writes, there was indeed a concept of the cycles of creation and destruction. True, to a greater extent it is characteristic of the Aztecs. From them comes the myth of the suns, which ended their existence either with fiery rains or with floods. The current, fifth era is waiting for death from an earthquake, but the exact date of the disaster is not known.
Cataclysms were predicted by the Aztecs after every 52 years. To appease the gods and prolong the existence of the world, the ancient people brought them human sacrifices.
Tales of catastrophes are also found in the sacred book of the Guatemalan Maya Quiché, Popol Vuh. It says that people were created several times. The first, made of clay, were unsuccessful: they could not stand, move, were blind. The gods had to destroy them and create new people, this time from wood. Such "products" did not have a heart, soul and memory, they did not honor their creators. In addition, they were evil, offended animals and had a passion for destruction. Angry at their creations, the gods made a flood for them. Few survived the catastrophe, and even those turned ... into monkeys. Only the latest "version" of people - from corn - turned out to be without flaws.
Some of the researchers believe that the Maya of the era of the conquistadors could have similar myths, but so far there is no evidence for this. Others argue that the "classic" Maya should not be judged by the texts of the colonial era. They were written down by pupils of monastic schools in Latin, and therefore, under the influence of new ideas, they could be distorted.
The preachers of the apocalypse mixed the Aztecs and the Maya. One of the books about 2012 is called The Return of Quetzalcoatl, although that is the name of the god of the ancient Mexicans. The so-called Stone of the Sun (Spanish: Piedra del Sol), a monolithic basalt disk with a symbolic image of the Aztec cosmogony and the solar cult, is also mistaken for the Aztec calendar. From this confusion, the myth of the ominous prophecy of the Maya was born. And for the Maya themselves, the completion of thirteen baktuns was most likely just a reason for celebration.

End of the world - conquest?

Perhaps the Maya have already experienced their end of the world. August 11, 3113 BC - generally accepted, but not the only date for the beginning of the Great Cycle. According to the chronology of the Mayan culture researcher Joseph Herbert Spinden, adopted at the beginning of the 20th century, the Mayan civilization is 256 years older. Therefore, the date of the end of the world falls on ... 1756. And if you follow a different correlation, then thirteen baktuns ended in 1493 ...
At the end of the tenth century, the Maya switched to counting time in twenty years. For each they made their own prediction. The prophecies for the twenty years of which 1992-2012 consisted, and much earlier - 1480-1500, coincide: “... hematemesis will come. Kukulkan will come a second time. Word of God. Itza will come."
1480-1500 - the time of the discovery of America. Maybe the Mayans were indeed prophets and predicted the coming of the conquistadors?

The Maya left us a calendar that ends on December 21, 2012. It was then that the great five-thousand-year era of the Jaguar would end and the end of the world would come.

According to legend, after December 21, 2012, years of death and destruction will follow, until the era of the renewal of mankind comes. Recently, scientists have found that the Indians did not choose this day by chance: it is astronomically significant. On the next day of the winter solstice, our luminary will line up with the mysterious energy center of the galaxy (this happens only once every 25 thousand 800 years). Thus, modern civilization will for the first time survive this rare astronomical phenomenon, or maybe not survive ...

Curiously, the Mayan calendar begins long before the emergence and flourishing of this Indian culture: it is calculated from August 13, 3114 BC. e., while the Mayan civilization, according to scientists, arose only after 2 thousand years. The legend says that on that day, by the will of the gods, a new era began.

Scientists tried to understand what events are associated with the indicated date, and found out that in 3114 BC. e. a mysterious megalithic structure was erected at Stonehenge! The dynasties of the pharaohs originated in Egypt, and the first written language appeared in Mesopotamia, and maize began to be cultivated in America. It seems that on the whole planet, under the influence of some external forces, it was then that a global cultural revolution took place and people gained new knowledge. Adrian Gilbert, scientist and writer, says this is not just a coincidence. Until the date from which the Mayan calendar begins, the development of our civilization was slow, and suddenly a real explosion: huge pyramids began to be erected, peoples, captured by new ideas and thoughts, set in motion.

The question is, where did they get such amazing knowledge from? Gilbert put forward several hypotheses. According to one of them, progress was intensified thanks to the migrants from Atlantis, who, having landed in Africa and America, brought with them the accumulated knowledge. According to another, priests, shamans and saints, during meditations, came into contact with a certain repository of secret knowledge. The third hypothesis is the influence of an extraterrestrial civilization that shared its achievements with us.

"The latter theory is unlikely," says Gilbert. "I don't believe in 'flying saucers' and I think there are many insurmountable contradictions in attributing all these pivotal events to aliens." In his opinion, the point is a combination of two factors - the developed civilization of the Atlanteans and mystical knowledge.

According to Gilbert, all mysteries can be solved by recognizing the reality of the existence of Atlantis - a maritime empire in the Atlantic Ocean that had a huge impact on neighboring continents. Its capital was destroyed in a natural disaster about 10 thousand years BC. However, it is from her that the sprouts of new civilizations stretch. Astronomical and mathematical knowledge, achievements in technology and in the field of artistic creativity reached the Indians of America.

However, most of all the scientist is occupied with the mystical secret of being, received from the Atlanteans. Gilbert believes that there is a universal knowledge bank in the universe that sages and shamans can connect with. Allegedly, it was from him that the Maya received data about the coming end of the world.

As for calendar magic and sacred architecture, there is a striking similarity in culture among all the peoples of Mesoamerica - the Maya, Aztecs, Toltecs, Mixtecs, Zapotecs, Olmecs. The Maya have much in common with the ancient Egyptian civilization: the pyramids, hieroglyphic writing, the pantheon of animal gods, astronomy. There is a hypothesis that after the split of Atlantis, one group of Atlanteans went to Egypt, and the other to Mesoamerica.

As for South America, the great civilization of the Incas, the cultures of Nazca, Mochica, Paracas, Chavin and other ancient civilizations also have much in common with the Mayan civilization: the theme of the eternal battle of the Eagle and the Jaguar; mysterious white people - among the Mayans and Aztecs - the Feathered Serpent (Kukulkan, Cucumats, Quetzalcoatl), among the Incas - Viracocha (White Man).

Mayan scientists, archaeologists, historians have not come to a consensus about when and how the famous Mayan calendar arose. There is a version that the Maya inherited it from the more ancient civilization of the Olmecs, allegedly they invented writing and the calendar. Indeed, on the territory of the ancient Olmec settlement near the city of La Venta, artifacts and petroglyphs with calendar dates are found, for example, a ceramic cylinder engraved with 3 Ahau (the day of the Holy Calendar). Radiocarbon analysis showed that this object is 2350 years old. Some anthropologists believe that the calendar originated in 1300 BC at the height of the Olmec culture, but there is no scientific evidence for this.
In another version, a certain wise ruler of high stature and white skin appears, which is unusual for people of the red race. This ruler invented writing and gave the Indian people the knowledge of the Sacred Calendar.

The Keepers of the Days (Mayan priests of the Calendar) say that this Knowledge was already known in Atlantis, and that a more advanced civilization from the Pleiades constellation taught it to earthlings.
In Indian lore, these demigods are referred to as the four Jaguars who came to Earth after the Flood to restore the course of life on Earth. After the great floods, the Earth was covered with layers of fogs and clouds, and the sun's rays did not reach the Earth. The four Jaguars performed the respective ceremonies, removing clouds and fog, and left gifts for the people - crystal skulls, sacred divination bags, a crown, and threads of light of the cycles of time (sacred calendars). There are 20 of these calendars, the most famous of them is Tzolkin - a calendar of 260 days. Other myths represent the god Itzamnu as the creator of the Calendar, others - the Feathered Serpent.

Was the Mayan civilization advanced enough to understand what it had? Yes, the Mayan civilization in its development, greatness and genius is not inferior to any of the existing civilizations: spiritual knowledge, mathematics and astronomy, construction, medicine, creativity - everything is at the highest level!
The astrology of the Mayan civilization is based on the number of days. Conventional astrology (ancient Sumer, Babylon) takes as a basis the position of the planets on the zodiac circle. The Maya also knew the zodiac constellations, only they had not 12 constellations in the Zodiac, but 13. They took into account the constellation Ophiuchus (the Mayans have Bat), along which the Sun travels for only a few days.

December 21, 2012 is the end of an era, not the end of the world. The era, which the Mayans call the Fourth Sun, will end, and a new era will come - the Fifth Sun. It's not the end of the world. Indian prophecies say that at the end of the era there will be earthquakes, cataclysms, hard times will come for the planet and humanity. But in these dark times, the children of the White Jaguar (one of the four mentioned above) will be born on the planet. They will be of different skin colors and will live all over the Earth. They will restore the natural balance of the Earth.

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It seems that the general obsession with Mayan prophecies arose due to the release of Hollywood blockbusters on this topic. But, well, the ancient Mayans actually thought and talked about 2012 and is it so scary end of the Mayan calendar how is it presented today?

The first thing to understand is that the Mayan calendar does not end in 2012, or rather, it does not completely end. What will happen will be a repetition of an important mythological event for the Indians, the onset of a key mythological date from the distant, distant past. The previous “end of the world according to the Mayan calendar,” as this day is often called lately, was recorded by the Indians in their long count calendar as the date 13.0.0.0.0, which corresponds to August 11, 3114 BC.

Be that as it may, the end of the Mayan calendar, its previous era, is not the beginning or end of everything. Mythological writings, including those containing Maya prophecies, tell us about events that happened long before 3114, before the starting point of their calendar. On December 21, 2012, which is considered to be the day of implementation Mayan prophecies for 2012 year, the date 13.0.0.0.0 will repeat. After that, the long account calendar will continue its course again. In fact, there will be a renewal of the era, a renewal of the calendar system, the same as what happens with us on the night of December 31 to January 1, only on a large scale. According to the numerology of the Mayan chronicle system, a kind of “end of the Mayan calendar” will also occur in the distant future after 2012 and will continue in the future until infinity.

What, then, did the Mayan prophecies point to in 2012, and did they point to any events at all? In fact, the Maya did not say anything specific, and what was said carries, to put it mildly, a double meaning. Only one ancient record from the Tortuguero settlement destroyed today is directly related to Mayan prophecies for 2012, we are talking about the date 13.0.0.0.0 itself and the damaged hieroglyphs next to it. Scientists were haunted by the question, could it be that these damaged records contain information about events that should happen?

A couple of years ago, a preliminary interpretation of Mayan texts containing Mayan prophecies was completed, according to which the last damaged hieroglyphs of divination speak of a certain descent and the god Bolon Yokte. Scientist and researcher Stephen Houstan, pointed out that the hieroglyphs may not have anything to do with the recorded date, but are a kind of description of the record, the author's note, so to speak. However, it is not possible to completely unravel the meaning of the Mayan records, as a result of which there is considerable ambiguity in the reading of both the prophecy itself and the records found in Tortuguero, and the end of the Mayan calendar. One thing is certain - the ancient Maya did not leave any clear or precise description of what will happen at the end of the great cycle or what happened at the last end of the Mayan calendar. Yes, researchers and scientists have a date at their disposal, but what will happen on this day or what will not happen, the Mayans did not say. The ancient Mayan prophecies for 2012 are mostly fiction, accidental or intentional, of people concerned.

The Mayan calendar and the end of the world: the authors of the non-existent predictions of the Indians.

The question is very delicate. Who exploits the Mayan theme and why? Topic authorship “ mayan calendar and doomsday”belongs to new generation hacks and Hollywood producers working with people's fears. The idea of ​​some important event connected with the predictions of the ancient peoples, for example, with the prophecies of the Maya, largely comes from the mystic and novelist Frank Waters, who wrote many novels and other more scientific works about the native inhabitants of America in the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century. The key work in which Mayan predictions are touched upon is The Book of the Hopi. An equally important role was played by “Mysticism of Mexico: The Coming of the Sixth Age of Consciousness” - this is an unusual mixture of Mayan and Aztec philosophy, where the author suggested that the end of the Mayan calendar would become the backdrop for the transformation of the spiritual consciousness of people around the world.

The ideas described by Waters were immediately taken up and at the same time expanded by José Argüelles in his insane, but no less influential work “The Mayan Factor”, written in 1987. The Mayan calendar and the end of the world were present in the work of various authors from around the world who created their novels, essays and pseudoscientific works, most of them contradicting each other. Are the Mayan prophecies scientific? And what is the general opinion of science about the predictions of the Indians? It is a known and proven fact that the Maya are excellent astronomers, however, the date December 21, 2012 has little, if anything, to do with astronomy. Despite preliminary statements about the formation in 2012 of such an astronomical event as the “galactic alignment”, there is practically no connection between 2012, the Mayan calendar and the end of the world. In addition, as it turned out, all the guesses of scientists about the alignment in 2012 turned out to be wrong.

There will be no alignment in 2012. And if it were, the Mayan prophecies for 2012 are not related to this phenomenon, at least the Mayans knew nothing about the alignment of the galaxy and did not say anything. No less than science can shed light on the question of the end of the Mayan calendar, the modern Maya, the descendants of an ancient civilization who honor the traditions of their ancestors, are capable of. And the Maya of the modern world say that although the 260-day calendar system has been preserved in certain areas of America, 2012 is not marked in it. In other words, the Mayan calendar and the end of the world, according to the descendants of the ancient Mayans, are in no way connected. The date 13.0.0.0.0 is associated only with a long account, which was no longer used even before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors to the shores of America.

In fact, all references to the year 2012 by modern Mayans are a consequence of the influence of the media and New Age religion. Summing up the question of whether the Mayan prophecies for 2012 will come true, we can say that all the information available to the masses has little to do with what was said in the ancient beliefs of the Mayans and the Mayans themselves. This does not mean at all that the ancient Mayans did not try to warn us about some important events that will take place in 2012. It is quite possible that the end of the Mayan calendar and Mayan prophecy for 2012 are based on facts hidden from the gaze of modern science. It is also important that all this fact today, somewhere by accident, and somewhere intentionally, is erroneously interpreted, and then assimilated in the minds of millions of people.

Mayan prophecies are what the Indians saw them.

Only a few fragments of Mesoamerican prophecies have survived to this day. Everything that researchers operate today is only a small part of what in ancient times was an extensive body of mythological literature based on scientific data. In fact, all true, and not those that are discussed today in the media and settle in the minds of people, are divided into two categories, those that are based on inscriptions on stones and those that are taken from the book of Chilam Balam. The so-called “Talking Crosses”, as well as “The Wars of the Castes” and “The Return of Quetzalcoatl”, which is actually the writing of the Aztecs, and not the Mayans, also contributed to the Mayan prophecies for 2012. All other predictions, indications, warnings and prophecies of the Maya, based on such works as “The Sixth Sun”, “13 Baktun”, “The Great Mayan Cycle” are hypotheses and pure fantasy of individual figures.

They only exacerbate the situation and further confuse the public. AT Mayan prophecies often predict or describe future ceremonial events. In monumental records, the verb utom was used to determine the future time, which means “it will happen,” and the prophecies themselves in most cases predicted ordinary events, for example, “in 150 years of days there will be Wednesday, the 200th anniversary of the great emperor.” There are also longer-term Mayan prophecies, such as the seventh-century writings in the Temple of the Inscriptions in Palenque, which speak of some important event that will occur in 4,000 years. What is this significant event? Anniversary of the coronation of Pakal, the great ruler buried under the Temple of the Inscriptions itself. The anniversary falls on a very interesting date, on 1.0.0.0.0.8, i.e. on the eighth day after the end of the great cycle. What was the point of the Indians, knowing about such an event as end of the world according to mayan calendar, according to their calendar, by the way, to plan some celebrations eight days later? You be the judge.

None of the recorded Maya prophecies foretell galactic alignments, transformations of consciousness, the fall of civilizations, or the actions of the gods that could affect the world. These are all theories and assumptions of already modern people, simply based on the date recorded by the Maya. What is the point of writing down the date of an event that will happen after the end of the Mayan calendar, given that the Mayans believed that the end of the world would come with the end of the era? Yes, nothing. The Maya were well aware that their civilization was unlikely to survive for such a long time. The Indians simply hoped that people would remember them and their great emperor even after four thousand years. And people will continue to live after 2012, after the so-called “Apocalypse according to the Mayan prophecies”.

Again, the long count calendar will not end at 13.0.0.0.0, but will continue counting until 1.0.0.0.0.0. The books of Chilam Balam, which served as the basis for the Mayan prophecies for 2012, have come down to us in several versions, each of which has undergone serious alterations in accordance with the norms and visions of the people in whose hands it was. Some rare copies date back to the 16th century, but most of them are the writings of the New Time, created in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Among them is the most famous of the Chilam Balam book from Chumayel. The book was written two hundred and fifty years later by the Coxites, which makes one wonder about its content. All these writings, even the earliest ones, already at that time were the product of a civilization that had fallen into decay and practically disappeared from the pages of history. The works were often distorted and subjected to moderation, which led to inevitable errors in translations and interpretations.

For example, in these books such concepts as the 360-day Mayan year and the 365-day year are confused, and the author refers to the old Katun, which consists of 20 years, while other writers started from the Katun with a duration of 24 years. A significant number of dates, including those relating to the end of the Mayan calendar in 2012, have been misinterpreted. Some authors in their books are confused in the numbering of Katuns, or follow methods that are not comprehensible. So in the manuscript from Chumayel, after the numbering of the first five Katuns, the numbering follows anew. And these are just the mistakes that caught the eye of the researchers. No one has really done a detailed study aimed at finding errors yet.

Another important fact that affects the Mayan calendar and the end of the world, the Mayan calendar system is built in such a way that the prophecies of the Mayans contain the annual predictions of the Katuns, which are forever repeated. In fact, the prophecies of the Katuns apply to eras of 20 years, which are repeated every 256 years. Those. Katun of the era 1736-1756 also correlates with Katun 1992-2012. So the era of Columbus' travel and the Spanish conquest serves as a prototype of the time in which we live, and the Mayan prophecies for all these years, the Katun periods, coincide: "The green bird will come, the Quetzal will return." Such Maya prophecies in their obscurity and ambiguity can compete with the mysterious predictions of Nostradamus. They say absolutely nothing, and if they carry some kind of semantic load, then it is well hidden and clear to a few.

What can be disassembled in the predictions of the Indians is their mood. All the prophecies of the 13 Katuns are definitely bad and do not bode well. The first Katun will suffer from meager rains; in the third Katun, dissolute rulers will show themselves; the fourth will be characterized by strong tides; fifth Katun - invasion of locusts. The sixth Katun is associated with the Mayan calendar and the end of the world and is marked by the Indians as a "block". The eighth Katun will suffer from drought, and on the ninth Katun people will have to face false prophets. 13 and the last Katun will be remembered for the absence of happy days. Others not included in this list, the 20-year periods of the Mayan calendar are either indeterminate or have a neutral mood.

A striking example is Katun number 4, in which the future will be miserable and interrupted in rare cases by deceptive rays of hope. For the Maya themselves, this is exactly what happened. It is worth paying attention to Mayan prophecies for 2012 year, which are based on the "Talking Crosses". These predictions, discovered during a period of great rebellion, speak of triumph and bitterness, foreshadowing the day when the white people, who are the ruling caste, will leave the earth, leaving it to the true owners, i.e. Mayan Indians. These statements, as well as other Mayan predictions (apart from the so-called “Mayan calendar doomsday” entry, the date 13.0.0.0.0, which, by the way, does not include descriptions of future events) do not contain any specific date , just an indication of "soon".