Primary school: morphological analysis of words. Primary school: morphological analysis of words Morphological analysis of pronouns

It is a complete grammatical description of the given word. In this case, the words are considered in the context of the sentence, their original structure is restored and analyzed. In order to do a correct morphological analysis of parts of speech, it is necessary to be able to determine the initial form of words, know their constants and changes, and understand the words in a sentence.

Schemes for parsing words in a sentence differ significantly from each other, since they depend on the features of this part of speech and the form in which the word in this sentence stands. The morphological analysis plan itself may vary depending on the age of the students. Therefore, below we present plans for the analysis of individual parts of speech for students in grades 4-5.

Morphological analysis of a noun:

1. Determine to find the general meaning of what question this word answers.

2. Determine the initial form (put the word in the singular of the nominative case).

3. Indicate the signs: own noun or common noun, animate - inanimate.

4. Determine the gender (female - male - neuter), declension, case, number (singular - plural).

5. Indicate which member of the sentence this noun is.

Sample word parsing "foxes" in a sentence "The foxes ran after the butterfly".

Oral analysis: Foxes is a noun. It denotes a living being (who?) - foxes. The initial form is a fox. It is a common noun, animated, masculine, 2nd declension. In this case, the word was used in the nominative case, in the plural. The word "foxes" in the sentence is the subject.

Written review:

Foxes - noun.

(Who?) - cubs;

N. f. (initial form) - fox cub;

Narits., shower., husband. genus;

2nd slope;

in names. fall, in plural number;

play (who?) - fox cubs - subject.

Morphological analysis of the adjective

2. Put in the initial form (in the singular masculine nominative case.

3. Determine the gender of the adjective, its case and number.

4. Indicate which member of the sentence this adjective is.

Sample word parsing "hardworking" in a sentence "A hard-working squirrel stores nuts for the winter."

Oral analysis: Hardworking (squirrel) - adjective. Squirrel (what?) - hardworking. Indicates the attribute of an object. The initial form is industrious. The word was used in the feminine, singular, nominative case. In this sentence, the word "hardworking" is a definition.

Written review:

Hardworking (squirrel) - adj.;

N.f. - hardworking;

Women's genus, single number, name case;

Which? - hardworking - definition.

Morphological analysis of the numeral:

1. Determine the part of speech, find the general meaning, what question this word answers.

2. Put the numeral in the initial form - in the nominative case.

3. Identify signs: simple - compound number, quantitative - ordinal, in which case it is.

4. What member of the sentence is this numeral.

Sample word parsing "five" in a sentence "Five jackdaws want to eat."

Oral analysis:"Five" is a numeral. The word means the number of jackdaws (how many?) - five. The initial form is five. Simple, quantitative. The word is used in the nominative case. In this sentence, the word "five" is included in the subject.

Written review:

Five - counts: galchat (how many?) - five;

N.f. - five;

Simple, quantitative., in name. case;

(Who?) - five jackdaws - part of the subject.

Morphological analysis of the pronoun:

1. Determine the part of speech, find the general meaning, what question this word answers.

2. Put in the initial form (i.e. in the nominative singular).

3. Determine the features: person, then (if any) - gender and number, determine the case.

4. What member of the sentence is this pronoun.

An example of parsing the word "me" in the sentence "I didn't have enough for a whole summer."

Oral analysis:"Me" is a pronoun. Indicates the subject (to whom?) - me. The initial form is "I". Pronoun personal, 1st person. The word is used in the dative singular. In this sentence, the word "me" is an object.

Written review:

Me - pronoun:

(To whom?) - to me;

N.f. - I;

Personal;

Dative case, singular number;

To whom? - me - addition.

Morphological analysis of the verb

1. Determine the part of speech, find the general meaning, what question this word answers.

2. Put in an indefinite (initial) form.

3. Determine the signs: conjugation, number, if any - time, person, gender;

4. What member of the sentence is this verb.

Sample word parsing "flared up" in a sentence "The first ray of dawn broke out."

Oral analysis:"Flashed" is a verb. Denotes an action (what did you do?) - flared up.

The initial form is to flare up, 1st conjugation. The word is used in the singular, in the 3rd person. In this sentence, the word "flared" is a predicate.

Written review:

Flashed - verb;

(what did he do?) - flared up;

N.f. - flare up;

1 conjugation, singular number, 3rd person.

What did you do? - flared up - predicate.

Morphological analysis of the adverb:

1. Part of speech, general meaning.

2. An unchangeable word.

3. Member of the proposal.

Sample word parsing "fast" in a sentence "Dark clouds were moving quickly across the sky."

Oral analysis:"Fast" is an adverb. Designates a sign of action: ran through (how?) - quickly. The unchangeable word. In a sentence, it is a circumstance.

Written review:

Fast - adverb;

We ran (how?) quickly;

sign of action, immutable;

How? - quickly - circumstance.

, fast

Enter any word, then click "parse". After that, you will receive an analysis in which the part of speech, case, gender, tense and everything else will be written. Because parsing is performed out of context, then several parsing options may be offered, among which you will need to choose the correct one. Parsing is done automatically by the computer, so sometimes there may be errors. Be careful, online analysis is for help, not for mindless rewriting. Note about the letter Yo: do not replace it with E.

Press Ctrl+D to bookmark the service for future reference.

In order not to experience difficulties in the scheme morphological analysis words or in the order of parsing, you should not automatically memorize the sequence and principle of parsing. It is most effective to focus on highlighting the general features of parts of speech, and then move on to the particular features of this form. At the same time, the general parsing logic should be preserved. Parts of speech will also help you.

The following examples of morphological parsing will allow you to understand the scheme of parsing the words of a sentence in Russian. However, it should be remembered that the presence of a text is a prerequisite for the correct analysis of parts of speech, because morphological analysis is a characteristic of a word (as a part of speech), taking into account the specifics of its use.

Consider examples morphological analysis.

Morphological analysis of a noun

1. initial form (in the nominative case, singular);
2. own or common noun;
3. animate or inanimate;
4. declination
5. number;
6. case;
7. role in the proposal.

Noun(parsing sample):
Text: Babies love to drink milk.
Milk is a noun, the initial form is milk, common noun, inanimate, neuter, 2nd declension, in the accusative case, singular (does not have a plural), direct object.

Adjective parsing plan

1. the initial form is the infinitive (nominative case, singular);
2. category (qualitative, relative or possessive);
3. short or complete (only about quality);
4. degree of comparison (only qualitative);
5. gender (only about the singular);
6. case;
7. number;
8. role in the proposal.

Adjective(parsing sample):
Text: Alyonushka collected a full basket of mushrooms.
Full - adjective, initial form - full; quality: complete; in a positive (zero) degree of comparison, in the neuter gender, accusative case, is an addition.

numeral(parsing order):

1. initial form (nominative for quantitative, nominative singular, masculine for ordinal);
2. category by value (quantitative, ordinal);
3. category by composition (simple, complex, composite);
4. case;
5. gender and number (for ordinal and some quantitative);
6. role in the proposal.

Numeral (parsing sample):
Text: Four days have passed.
Four is a numeral, the initial form is four, quantitative, simple, in the nominative case, has no number and gender, is the subject.

Pronoun(parsing order):

1. initial form (nominative case, singular, if it changes by number and gender);
2. rank by value;
3. gender (if any);
4. case
5. number (if any);
6. role in the proposal.

Pronoun (parsing sample):
Text: Crystal raindrops dripped from it.
Nee is a pronoun, the initial form is she, personal, 3rd person, feminine, genitive, singular, adverb of place.

Morphological analysis of the verb

1. infinitive (initial form);
2. returnable or irrevocable;
3. transitive or intransitive;
4. conjugation;
5. mood;
6. time (for the indicative mood);
7. person (for the present, future tense and imperative mood);
8. gender (for the past tense and conditional in the singular);
9. number;
10. role in the proposal.

Verb (parsing sample):
Text: They told the truth without fear of condemnation.
They said - a verb, the initial form - to say, irrevocable, intransitive, perfective, 1st conjugation, in the indicative mood, past tense, plural, is a predicate.

Participle(parsing order):

1. initial form (nominative, singular, masculine);
2. infinitive;
3. time;
4. returnable or irrevocable (for valid);
5. transitive or intransitive (for valid);
6. complete or short (for the passive);
7. gender (for the singular);
8. case;
9. number;
10. role in the proposal.

Participle (parsing sample):
Text: I look at the falling leaves and feel sad.
Falling - participle, initial form - falling, from the verb fall, imperfective, present tense, irrevocable, intransitive, feminine, accusative, singular, agreed definition.

gerund(parsing order):

1. the verb from which it is formed;
2. returnable or irrevocable;
3. transitive or intransitive;
4. role in the proposal.

The participle (parsing sample):

Text: When you go abroad, you are sad about home.
Leaving - a gerund, from the verb "to leave", an imperfect form, irrevocable, intransitive, a circumstance of the mode of action.

Adverb(parsing order):

1. category by value (definitive or adverbial);
2. degree of comparison (if any).

Adverb (parsing sample):
Text: The sun rose higher and the clouds dissipated.
Above - an adverb, adverbial place, is a circumstance of place, a comparative degree.

Video

Something is not clear? There is a good video on the topic for adjectives:

The order of debriefing in your class may differ from what is suggested, so we advise you to check with your teacher for debriefing requirements.

Everything for study » Russian language » Morphological analysis of a word with examples and online

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Link: https://site/russkij-yazyk/morfologicheskij-razbor-slova

"Through"

Part of speech:

Grammar:

part of speech: preposition; answers the question:

Initial form:

Sentences with "through"

The man had not drunk for a long time, he had to walk five miles from the Bushuikha station to the village, weakened, fell to the plow, and only a few days later they found him dead.

He picked up the young man in his arms and carried him across the stream.

He led his people there across the sea.

For example, to determine the actual volumes of goods transported through customs, by processing large volumes of statistical data, it is necessary to form correction factors for hiding the volumes of goods.

And such a coincidence must happen: the great Xianbi leader Tangshihai dies a year after the death of the great emperor Marcus Aurelius!

He went to the laboratory, shining brighter with his name from month to month, a year and a half later they had a son, and two years later they received a three-room apartment in a new building with an improved layout in the city center.

As the mixture flows through the filter, at least one of its components is retained and gradually accumulates inside or near the surface of the filter layer.

It should provide transparency of assignment operations in both directions, i.e. writing a new value to a monitored variable and reading its value should be performed in the same way, regardless of whether the variable is used in its pure form or through a “debug point” wrapper.

Although there are still regions that are not covered by networks, in a few years there will be no such regions in Russia.

She lay at the entrance, at the beginning of a long street across the whole farm, along which stood a former club, a first-aid post, a kindergarten, a post office, a bathhouse and shops.

Parsing parts of speech

1. Independent parts of speech:

• nouns (see morphological norms of nouns);
• Verbs:
• • sacraments;
  • gerunds;
• adjectives;
• numerals;
• pronouns;
• adverbs;

2. Service parts of speech:

• prepositions;
• unions;
• particles;

3. Interjections.

None of the classifications (according to the morphological system) of the Russian language fall into:

• the words yes and no, if they act as an independent sentence.
• introductory words: so, by the way, total, as a separate sentence, as well as a number of other words.

Morphological analysis of a noun

• the initial form in the nominative case, singular (with the exception of nouns used only in the plural: scissors, etc.);
• own or common noun;
• animate or inanimate;
• gender (m, f, cf.);
• number (unit, plural);
• declination;
• case;
• syntactic role in a sentence.

Plan of morphological analysis of a noun

"The baby is drinking milk."

Kid (answers the question who?) - noun;

• initial form - baby;
• permanent morphological features: animate, common noun, concrete, masculine, 1st declension;
• inconstant morphological features: nominative case, singular;
• in the syntactic analysis of the sentence, it plays the role of the subject.

Morphological analysis of the word "milk" (answers the question of whom? What?).

• initial form - milk;
• constant morphological characteristic of the word: neuter, inanimate, real, common noun, 2nd declension;
• variable morphological features: accusative, singular;
• in a sentence with a direct object.

Here is another example of how to make a morphological analysis of a noun, based on a literary source:

"Two ladies ran up to Luzhin and helped him get up. He began to knock the dust off his coat with his palm. (Example from: Luzhin's Defense, Vladimir Nabokov)."

Ladies (who?) - noun;

• the initial form is a lady;
• permanent morphological features: common noun, animate, specific, feminine, 1st declension;
• fickle morphological noun characteristic: singular, genitive;
• syntactic role: part of the subject.

Luzhin (to whom?) - noun;

• initial form - Luzhin;
• faithful morphological characteristic of the word: proper name, animated, concrete, masculine, mixed declension;
• non-permanent morphological features of a noun: singular, dative case;

Palm (what?) - noun;

• initial form - palm;
• constant morphological features: feminine, inanimate, common noun, concrete, I declension;
• unstable morphos. signs: singular, instrumental;
• syntactic role in context: complement.

Dust (what?) - noun;

• initial form - dust;
• main morphological features: common noun, real, feminine, singular, animate not characterized, III declension (noun with zero ending);
• fickle morphological word characteristic: accusative;
• syntactic role: complement.

(c) Coat (Why?) - noun;

• the initial form is a coat;
• constant correct morphological characteristic of the word: inanimate, common noun, concrete, neuter, indeclinable;
• morphological features are unstable: the number cannot be determined from the context, the genitive case;
• syntactic role as a member of a sentence: addition.

Morphological analysis of the adjective

The adjective is a significant part of speech. Answers questions What? Which? Which? Which? and characterizes the features or qualities of an object. Table of morphological features of the adjective name:

• initial form in the nominative case, singular, masculine;
• constant morphological features of adjectives:
• • rank, according to the value:
  • • - quality (warm, silent);
    • - relative (yesterday, reading);
    • - possessive (hare, mother's);
  • degree of comparison (for qualitative, in which this feature is constant);
  • full / short form (for quality, in which this feature is permanent);
• non-permanent morphological features of the adjective:
• • quality adjectives change according to the degree of comparison (in comparative degrees, a simple form, in superlatives - complex): beautiful-beautiful-most beautiful;
  • full or short form (only qualitative adjectives);
  • genus sign (only in the singular);
  • number (consistent with the noun);
  • case (consistent with the noun);
• syntactic role in the sentence: the adjective is a definition or part of a compound nominal predicate.

Plan of morphological analysis of the adjective

Suggestion example:

The full moon rose over the city.

Full (what?) - adjective;

• initial form - complete;
• permanent morphological features of the adjective: qualitative, full form;
• inconstant morphological characteristic: in a positive (zero) degree of comparison, feminine (consistent with the noun), nominative case;
• according to syntactic analysis - a minor member of the sentence, performs the role of a definition.

Here is another whole literary passage and a morphological analysis of the adjective, using examples:

The girl was beautiful: slender, thin, blue eyes, like two amazing sapphires, looked into your soul.

Beautiful (what?) - adjective;

• the initial form is beautiful (in this sense);
• constant morphological norms: qualitative, short;
• non-permanent signs: positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine;

Slender (what?) - adjective;

• initial form - slender;
• permanent morphological features: qualitative, complete;
• inconstant morphological characteristics of the word: complete, positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine, nominative;
• syntactic role in the sentence: part of the predicate.

Thin (what?) - adjective;

• the initial form is thin;
• morphological permanent features: qualitative, complete;
• inconstant morphological characteristic of the adjective: positive degree of comparison, singular, feminine, nominative;
• syntactic role: part of the predicate.

Blue (what?) - adjective;

• initial form - blue;
• table of constant morphological features of the adjective: qualitative;
• inconsistent morphological characteristics: complete, positive degree of comparison, plural, nominative;
• syntactic role: definition.

Amazing (what?) - adjective;

• initial form - amazing;
• permanent signs in morphology: relative, expressive;
• inconsistent morphological features: plural, genitive;
• syntactic role in the sentence: part of the circumstance.

Morphological features of the verb

According to the morphology of the Russian language, the verb is an independent part of speech. It can denote an action (to walk), a property (to limp), an attitude (to equal), a state (to rejoice), a sign (to turn white, show off) of an object. Verbs answer the question what to do? what to do? what is he doing? what have you been doing? or what will it do? Different groups of verbal word forms are characterized by heterogeneous morphological characteristics and grammatical features.

Morphological forms of verbs:

• the initial form of the verb is the infinitive. It is also called the indefinite or invariable form of the verb. Variable morphological features are absent;
• conjugated (personal and impersonal) forms;
• non-conjugated forms: participles and participles.

Morphological analysis of the verb

• the initial form is the infinitive;
• constant morphological features of the verb:
• • transitivity:
  • • transitive (used with accusative nouns without a preposition);
    • intransitive (not used with a noun in the accusative case without a preposition);
  • returnability:
  • • returnable (there are -sya, -sya);
    • irrevocable (no -sya, -sya);
  • • imperfect (what to do?);
    • perfect (what to do?);
  • conjugation:
  • • I conjugation (do-eat, do-et, do-eat, do-et, do-yut / ut);
    • II conjugation (sto-ish, sto-it, sto-im, sto-ite, sto-yat / at);
    • conjugated verbs (want, run);
• non-permanent morphological features of the verb:
• • mood:
  • • indicative: what did you do? What did you do? what is he doing? what will he do?;
    • conditional: what would you do? what would you do?;
    • imperative: do it!;
  • time (in the indicative mood: past / present / future);
  • person (in the present/future tense, indicative and imperative: 1st person: I/we, 2nd person: you/you, 3rd person: he/they);
  • gender (in the past tense, singular, indicative and conditional);
  • number;
• syntactic role in a sentence. The infinitive can be any part of the sentence:
• • predicate: To be a holiday today;
  • Subject: Learning is always useful;
  • addition: All the guests asked her to dance;
  • definition: He has an overwhelming desire to eat;
  • circumstance: I went out for a walk.

Morphological analysis of the verb example

To understand the scheme, we will conduct a written analysis of the morphology of the verb using the example of a sentence:

Crow somehow God sent a piece of cheese ... (fable, I. Krylov)

Sent (what did you do?) - part of speech verb;

• initial form - send;
• permanent morphological features: perfective, transitional, 1st conjugation;
• inconstant morphological characteristic of the verb: indicative mood, past tense, masculine, singular;

The following online example of the morphological parsing of a verb in a sentence:

What silence, listen.

Listen (what to do?) - verb;

• the initial form is to listen;
• morphological constant features: perfect form, intransitive, reflexive, 1st conjugation;
• inconstant morphological characteristics of the word: imperative, plural, 2nd person;
• syntactic role in the sentence: predicate.

Plan for the morphological analysis of the verb online for free, based on an example from a whole paragraph:

He needs to be warned.

No need, let him know another time how to break the rules.

What are the rules?

Wait, I'll tell you later. Has entered! (“The Golden Calf”, I. Ilf)

Warn (what to do?) - verb;

• initial form - warn;
• morphological features of the verb are constant: perfective, transitive, irrevocable, 1st conjugation;
• non-permanent morphology of the part of speech: infinitive;
• syntactic function in a sentence: an integral part of the predicate.

Let him know (what is he doing?) - part of speech verb;

• the initial form is to know;
• inconstant morphology of the verb: imperative, singular, 3rd person;
• syntactic role in the sentence: predicate.

Violate (what to do?) - the word is a verb;

• the initial form is to violate;
• permanent morphological features: imperfective, irrevocable, transitional, 1st conjugation;
• non-permanent signs of the verb: infinitive (initial form);
• syntactic role in the context: part of the predicate.

Wait (what to do?) - part of speech verb;

• initial form - wait;
• permanent morphological features: perfect form, irrevocable, transitional, 1st conjugation;
• inconstant morphological characteristic of the verb: imperative, plural, 2nd person;
• syntactic role in the sentence: predicate.

Entered (what did?) - verb;

• initial form - enter;
• permanent morphological features: perfective, irrevocable, intransitive, 1st conjugation;
• inconstant morphological characteristic of the verb: past tense, indicative mood, singular, masculine;
• syntactic role in the sentence: predicate.